Aim: The aim of the present study was to measure the craniometric parameters of male and female adult human skulls of South Indian origin and calculate cranial, nasal, orbital, gnathic and upper facial indices. This study was undertaken to see the percentage relationship between different dimensions commonly used for sexual dimorphism of skull.

Material and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India comprising of n=50 adult human skulls (19 female, 31 male) belonging to South Indian Origin. All the measurements were taken by using standard measuring devices and applying standard anthropometric techniques.

Results: The mean and SD of cranial indices in male was 75.32 ± 5.77, while in female (75.42 ± 5.52), nasal index in male was 52.19 ± 8.30 while in female 51.57 ± 5.11, orbital index in male 74.47 ± 9.21 while, in female 76.62 ± 11.59, gnathic index in male and female was 93.61 ± 5.25 and 93.01 ± 3.74 respectively, upper facial index in male 54.64 ± 5.85 and in female 46.14 ± 2.77. The data showed difference in male and female indices however, the differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: The minimal differences observed indicates less sexual dimorphism which could be due to smaller sample size (n=50) in our study. This study can be useful for sex differentiation of skeletal remnants.