Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the role of and importance of Vitamin D deficiency as an independent risk factor for fracture. Methods: A search of the current literature was performed, leading to the inclusion of 15 suitable papers for analysis. A search on EMbase conducted using the search items “Vitamin D deficiency” and “fracture” was performed. The outcomes of these papers were used to outline a better understanding of the role of Vitamin D deficiency as an independent risk factor for fracture. Results/Discussions: Often implicated in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, Vitamin D deficiency is often described as a risk factor for the development of fractures in both adults and children. Conclusion: While sufficient intake and metabolism of Vitamin D is important for proper bone health, the true impact of Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency varies across different populations. Overall, large, long-term and prospective studies must be completed to further our current understanding of this important area of musculoskeletal medicine.