Purpose: Nursing shortage is a global issue while the most important factor is nursing retention difficulties. This study discusses the effects of intensive care unit staffs on job stress, incentive system, and turnover intention. Methods: This study was a cross sectional study. The study samples were convenient sampling of nursing staffs from the intensive care unit at a medical center in Southern Taiwan in south Taiwan. The questionnaire was classified into four parts including individual attributes, job stress scale of nursing staff, incentive system scale, and turnover intention scale. Testing time was from February 1, 2017 to February 28, 2017, a total of 180 questionnaires were issued, recovering valid questionnaires 157 shares, and SPSS Version 20 Software was used for data analysis and statistical analysis. Results: The findings of this study indicated that the marital status of individual attributes of nursing staff had significant correlation with job stress to affect turnover intention. Job stress had a significantly positive influence on the turnover intention (r=0.32，P<0.01）, while incentive system had a significantly negative influence on the turnover intention=-0.29，P<0.01）. Which explains that the higher the job stress is, the more turnover intention there will be, and incentive system can reduce turnover intention. Conclusions: Job stress has significant positive effect on turnover intention while incentive system has significant negative effect on turnover intention. Nursing staffs’ job stress and incentive system are predictable factors for turnover intention.