The present study was undertaken to compare the knowledge and practice of eligible couples between urban and rural areas in Bangalore, Karnataka regarding selected family planning methods. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the samples. Data was collected from 100 eligible couples (50 samples from urban and 50 samples from rural areas) by using structured interview schedule. Analysis was done by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results show that the eligible couples in rural area (62%) had average level of knowledge and in urban area (42%) had satisfactory knowledge regarding family planning methods. The overall knowledge score regarding family planning methods was comparatively higher in urban area (40%) than in the rural area (23.8%). The mean knowledge score regarding selected temporary F.P. methods was comparatively higher in urban area (11.50%) than in rural area (7.62%) The mean knowledge score regarding permanent F.P. methods was comparatively higher in urban area (8.34%) than in rural area (5.04%). Related to practice of F.P. methods, in urban area 32% and in rural area only 4%. The reasons for not practicing F.P. methods were, Elders are not allowing (47.9%), to get child soon (31.3%) and do not like to use (20.8%).