Renal stone is a common and a major cause of morbidity worldwide including India. In general, urinary stones may contain various combinations of chemicals that become concentrated enough in the urine to form crystals. A stone may also result in blood in the urine, vomiting, or painful urination. About half of people will have another stone within ten years. Hence from the above literature findings the present study was planned to know the understanding of the prevalence risk factor of renal stones, to correlate the renal stone with demographic data. The study had been conducted in the Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, on total 50 patients who were referred to Out-Patient Department (OPD) and in-patient department (IPD). The 50 patients were enrolled in study groups as case that are under treatment of urinary track calculi. From the above data generated it can be concluded that the prevalence of renal stones is rising worldwide, especially in men and with increasing age. Also, absence of health attention for risk factors that cause renal stone formation and education regarding renal dissolved agents use lead to overuse of such medications and could be one of the reasons. Calcium oxalate stones remain the most frequent components followed immediately by uric acid. Management of renal calculi can be achieved by focusing on proper diet, exercise and adequate fluid intake.