The present study was planned to assess the prevalence and nature of posterior segment pathologies detected by B-scan ultrasound in pre-operative cataract patients and to study various patient risk factors that increase the likelihood of posterior segment pathology. The objective of this study is to help the ophthalmologic surgeon in predicting possible visual prognosis in addition to proper planning and execution of surgery and to decide postoperative management. The present study was planned in the Department of Radiology, Government Medical College, Betiah, Bihar from Jan 2018 to june 2018. Total 100 patients were enrolled in the present study. Diagnostic B-Scan Ultrasonography was performed in these patients preoperatively. Detailed history was taken and examination with Slit Lamp and Tonometry were done. A. Scan Biometry was performed in all the cases. Informed consent was taken. B-Scan ultrasonography using a standard USG machine (Sonomed B5500) equipped with a real-time high- frequency probe with the contact method was done. B-scan is a good diagnostic modality for preoperative evaluation of posterior segment pathologies in the presence of cataract. B-Scan ultrasonography should be performed routinely in pre-operative assessment of cataract patients to diagnose pathologies of posterior segment that may influence the surgical strategy and visual prognosis of patients after cataract surgery. Diagnosing and characterizing the abnormalities with great accuracy by B-scan not only helps in preoperative cases but also changes the management of various other patients.