There are two main varieties of CSOM viz. tubotympanic type and atticoantral CSOM. The later type of CSOM can cause severe adverse effects like intra and extracranial complications which can be life threatening. The complications of CSOM can be prevented to a greater extent by the judicious use of antibiotics. Due to the recurrent nature of the disease and the development of drug resistant pathogenic organisms, the control of infection poses a great therapeutic challenge. The knowledge of bacteriological profile helps in appropriate management of the cases. Hence this study was carried out to know the bacterial etiology of CSOM and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. The present study was planned in the Department of Microbiology, Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar from Jan 2018 to July 2018. Total 100 patients presented with ear discharge and tympanic membrane perforation/retraction with or without cholesteatoma were enrolled in the present study. Direct culture material was seeded on Blood agar, Mac Conkey’s agar and on Chocolate agar plates. All plates were incubated aerobically at 37⁰C and evaluated at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours and the plates were discarded if there was no growth. The specific identification of bacterial pathogens was done based on microscopic morphology, staining characteristics, cultural and biochemical properties using standard laboratory. The knowledge of the etiological agents causing CSOM and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is of great importance for an effective treatment and prevention of complications. As higher incidence of CSOM was seen among children, educating parents and guardians on possible risk factors of the disease may be a preventive strategy that might reduce disease occurrences.