Oral sub mucous fibrosis (OSMF) is an insidious, chronic fibrotic change affecting any part of oral mucosa and has been considered as potentially malignant disorder. OSMF is a chronic disease of oral mucosa characterised by inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the lamina propria and deeper connective tissues, followed by stiffening of mucosa resulting in difficulty in opening the mouth. The diagnosis of OSMF is made on clinical grounds. Habitual chewing of gutkha (mixture of dry areca nut, tobacco and other chemical in trace for flavouring) and other areca nut quid plays a major role in the aetiology of the disease. Gutkha is very commonly used by younger generation and has become extremely popular acting as a main cause of OSMF. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Assessment of Factors Underlying the Occurrence of Oral Submucous Fibrosis in Patients from Jharkhand Region. The present study was planned in Department of Oral Medicine, Diagnosis & Radiology, Vananchal Dental College & Hospital, Farathiya, Garhwa, Jharkand, India. Total 40 cases of the patients from age group 20 – 60 years of both the sexes were included in the present study. The patients were evaluated for the various parameters. The questionnaire included the basic socio demographic variables of all patients along with presence of habit of areca nut or gutkha chewing or having spicy food, symptoms like burning sensation in mouth on intake of hot and spicy food, and altered salivation. Clinical examination showed blanching and stiffness of oral mucosa and soft palate, palpable bands chiefly in buccal mucosa, and sometimes vesicle formation and ulceration. The data generated from the present study concludes that correlation between functional and histological staging suggests that individuals with clinically advanced OSMF had extensive fibrosis histologically. Also early recognition with accurate staging of the disease and appropriate treatment planning is of utmost importance to prevent the malignant transformation and to improve the quality of life of the patient.