Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has remained a public health concern despite improvements in its management over the decades. The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of TB presentation and common clinical presentations at a tuberculosis treatment center in Enugu State Nigeria.

Methods: The study was a 5 year retrospective cohort study (2018-2022) of all TB cases treated at the center. All the data were retrieved from the patient’s folders at the TB clinic and entered into a pro forma.

Results: The mean age was 38.91±17.39. Most of the cases were in the 30-39 year age group (24.8%). About 2/3 of them were males (61.9%) and urban dwellers (65.0%). Most had secondary education (46.2%) and traders (27.5%). About half of them were married (51.6%) while almost all were Igbos (95.4%). Most of the cases were seen in 2022. Majority of the patients had pulmonary TB 425(88.0%), 54(11.2%) had extra-pulmonary while 4(0.8%) had both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB. None of the socio-demographic characteristics significantly affected the type of TB, however, pulmonary TB was more in males while extra-pulmonary TB was more in females. Most of the extra-pulmonary cases were abdominal 17(29.3%) and spinal 16(27.6%). Majority of the patients had productive cough± hemoptysis 444(91.9%) followed by weight loss 422(87.4%) and weakness 280 (58.0%).

Conclusion: Generally TB was more common among the males while extra pulmonary wasmore among the females. The most common extra-pulmonary site was the abdomen while the commonest clinical symptoms were cough and weight loss.