Background: Occupational exposure to dust, smoke, and particulate matter in brick factories poses a significant risk for respiratory impairment among workers. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are essential for evaluating lung function and distinguishing between obstructive and restrictive respiratory patterns. Obstructive lung disease is characterized by reduced airflow and a low FEV1/FVC ratio, while restrictive lung disease presents with decreased lung volumes and a preserved or elevated FEV1/FVC ratio. Early detection of these impairments is crucial for preventive and therapeutic interventions in high-risk occupational populations.

Aim: To assess respiratory impairment in brick factory workers.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 brick factory workers. PFT parameters measured included FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio, and PEFR. Participants were categorized into Normal (n=13), Restrictive (n=52) and Obstructive (n=35) groups. Mean ± SD values were calculated and Restrictive & Obstructive is compared using independent t-tests.

Results: FVC was significantly lower in the restrictive group (61 ± 10.91) compared to the obstructive group (67 ± 10.52), p = 0.013. FEV1 did not differ significantly between groups (Restrictive: 58 ± 10.49, Obstructive: 59 ± 12.22; p = 0.684). FEV1/FVC ratio was significantly lower in the obstructive group (68 ± 6.14) compared to the restrictive group (83 ± 1.53), p < 0. 001.PEFR showed no significant difference (Restrictive: 57 ± 12.46, Obstructive: 61 ± 12.68; p = 0.149).