The rheology of artificial plasma is an essential field in the development of blood substitutes, with a direct impact on their clinical applicability. The rheological properties of natural plasma, determined by the protein content and colloidal composition, give blood a non-Newtonian behavior, indispensable for efficient microcirculation and for maintaining homeostasis. In the design of artificial plasma, the reproduction of these characteristics is crucial to ensure biological compatibility, colloidal stability and an appropriate viscosity at different shear rates. Rheological studies allow the evaluation of the interactions between artificial plasma and blood corpuscles, influencing erythrocyte aggregation and the prevention of thrombotic phenomena. A thorough understanding of the rheological behavior of these fluids contributes to the optimization of experimental formulas and to increasing clinical safety, thus offering promising perspectives for the use of blood substitutes in emergency medicine and intensive care.